精神(/?我?θ?s /或美國(guó):/?我?θo?s /)是一個(gè)希臘詞意思“人物”,是用來(lái)描述描述一個(gè)社區(qū)的指導(dǎo)信仰或理想,國(guó)家,或意識(shí)形態(tài)。希臘人也用這個(gè)詞來(lái)指音樂影響情感、行為甚至道德的力量。[1]早期希臘俄耳甫斯的故事以一種引人注目的方式展示了這一觀點(diǎn)。這個(gè)詞在修辭學(xué)上的使用與亞里士多德在他的“三種藝術(shù)證明或說服方式”概念中使用的希臘術(shù)語(yǔ)密切相關(guān)。

Ethos (/?i?θ?s/ or US: /?i?θo?s/) is a Greek word meaning "character" that is used to describe the guiding beliefs or ideals that characterize a community, nation, or ideology. The Greeks also used this word to refer to the power of music to influence emotions, behaviours, and even morals.[1] Early Greek stories of Orpheus exhibit this idea in a compelling way. The word's use in rhetoric is closely based on the Greek terminology used by Aristotle in his concept of the three artistic proofs or modes of persuasion.