《國際神經科學雜志》發表有關神經組織、神經系統和行為問題的論文、評論、給編輯的信、評論和筆記。它不僅涉及神經解剖學、神經生理學、神經化學、神經藥理學和神經內分泌學等明顯領域，而且涉及數學、物理、物理化學、生物化學、生物物理學、生物工程、通信與信息、學習、記憶、調節和更高層次的行為考慮等所有相互影響和相關的領域。采用理論和實驗兩種方法，特別是那些有助于澄清現有數據、形成新概念和開發用于研究的新工具(如新數學、新熱力學理論等)的方法。此外，該雜志還包括世界各地發生的對神經科學具有重要意義的事件的公告和說明。

The International Journal of Neuroscience publishes papers, reviews, letters to the editor, comments and notes concerned with problems of nervous tissue, the nervous system, and behavior. It deals not only with the obvious areas of neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, neurochemistry, neuropharmacology, and neuroendocrinology, but all impinging and related areas of mathematics, physics, physical chemistry, biochemistry, biophysics, bioengineering, communication and information, learning, memory, conditioning, and higher behavioral considerations. Both theoretical and experimental approaches are adopted, in particular those leading toward clarification of existing data, formation of new concepts and development of new tools for investigation (such as new mathematics, new theories of thermodynamics, etc.). In addition, the journal includes announcements and notes of events occurring in various parts of the world of significance to neuroscience.